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This comprehensive account explores how energy has shaped society from pre-agricultural foraging to today's fossil fuel-driven civilization. The author delves into how innovations in energy conversion have been central to cultural and economic progress over the last 10,000 years. Energy serves as the universal currency necessary for all human endeavors, with its conversion ranging from geological forces to the vital photosynthesis that supports life. Humans uniquely harness external energy through intellect and various artifacts, from simple tools to complex technologies like internal combustion engines and nuclear reactors. The shift to fossil fuels transformed agriculture, industry, transportation, communication, economics, urbanization, and the environment. The author presents a panoramic and interdisciplinary overview of humanity's energy eras, reflecting on the profound impacts of these transitions. This extensively updated version incorporates significant new material, showcasing developments in energy studies and the author's research over the past two decades. The book offers a magisterial perspective on the intricate relationship between energy and civilization, emphasizing the critical role energy plays in shaping human history.
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Energy and civilization: a history, Vaclav Smil
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- Année de publication
- 2017
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