Repeated evolution of highly metal tolerant ecotypes in Alyssum montanum L.

Auteurs

• Andreas Gerth

Paramètres

• Manuels
• Manuels universitaires

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The author investigates the adaptation of various populations of Alyssum montanum L. (Brassicaceae) to metal-contaminated soils through a comprehensive tolerance experiment, cytotype characterization, population genetic analyses, and an exploratory genome scan. Metalliferous soils challenge plant life, necessitating the development of tolerance mechanisms to mitigate the toxic effects of metal ions. Plants adapted to these soils serve as model systems for studying edaphic adaptation, the formation of ecotypes, and ecological speciation. A. montanum has been identified as a pseudometallophyte, thriving in both high metal content and normal conditions. Different populations exhibit varying degrees of metal tolerance, from sensitive to highly tolerant, with tolerance evolving specifically in response to the soil metal composition at each site. Notably, similar tolerance and differentiation in candidate loci across diploid and tetraploid populations suggest parallel evolution of metal tolerance. Additionally, populations from non-metal sites may develop tolerance rapidly. Evidence indicates local or microgeographic adaptation in both cytotypes. These findings pave the way for further analyses of the genetic architecture of metal tolerance and reproductive isolation in non-model species related to edaphic differentiation.

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• Année de publication: 2018