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The events of the first decade following the Roman conquest of Egypt are examined in the context of urban Roman politics, particularly Augustus' efforts to solidify his power in Rome. A pivotal moment was the ousting of prefect Cornelius Gallus in 27 B.C., who had unsuccessfully sought to establish his own power base against Augustus. The specifics surrounding his dismissal became obscured over time. In Egypt, Gallus' attempted usurpation hampered the Roman administration's effectiveness. The region also faced the burden of preparing for new military campaigns against the Arsakid Empire and Parthian vassal states in South Arabia. This situation led to a rebellion by the southern Egyptian client state against the newly appointed prefect Aelius Gallus, which was exploited as a pretext for war by the neighboring Meroitic Empire. Gallus' successor, P. Petronius, responded by invading and occupying the rebellious territory but was ultimately hindered from taking further action due to the desert. A peace treaty established in 21/20 B.C. ensured the consolidation of Egypt as a stronghold for the Roman emperor.
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"Gallus amore peribat", Timo Stickler
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- 2002
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