The behavior and utilization of the electric power system is strongly influenced by the divergent interests of different market participants, particularly in the distribution level. To find a convenient grid operation strategy, decentralized energy management systems are applied. Knowledge of the grid state is essential for these management systems to work. For historical reasons measurement facilities are sparsely spread in distribution grids. Thus, grid states are not uniquely determinable solely by measured values but have to be estimated using on the one hand supplementary predicted values and on the other hand intelligent methods to infer on probable grid states. In this work different methods of state identification of underdetermined distribution grids are developed. They vary in the use of available information, the objective and the way, the grid state is determined.
In liberalized, regulated energy markets, the different participants – namely producers and consumers of energy, transmission and distribution system operators as well as regulatory authorities – have partly divergent and partly convergent interests. Loads, power plants and grid operators try to maximize their own benefit in this highly complex environment accepting to act detrimentally to others. Although the relationship between the participants is mostly competitive, there are some fundamental shared interests, e. g. voltage stability, a constant system frequency or efficient energy production, transmission and distribution, which are endangered e. g. by increased injection of volatile sources in low and medium voltage grids, displacement of stabilizing bulk generation and the slowly progressing extension of the electric grid. There is a global consensus, that the resulting challenges can efficiently be faced using information and communication technologies to coordinate grid utilization and operation. The basic idea is to benefit from unused reserves by participating in deployment of system services e. g. reactive power supply to keep the voltage within certain bounds. The coordination can best be done by the grid operator. All activities of that kind are summarized under the umbrella term “Smart Grid”. To simultaneously model the behavior and interests of different types of market participants and their convergent and divergent interests, multi-agent systems are used. They offer a perfectly fitting framework for this sort of game theory and can easily be adapted to all kinds of new challenges of electricity markets. In this work, multi-agent systems are used to either cooperatively or competitively solve problems in distribution and transmission systems. Therefore, conventional algorithms have to be modified to converge into multiple local optima using only small pieces of the entire system information. It is clearly stated, that personal benefits can be maximized without violating global requirements on the system. Therefore, coordination of the measures is necessary. This can be done decentrally by the agents as well.
The book includes a short description of the conference program of the "Power and Energy Student Summit 2019". The conference, which is orgaized for students in the area of electric power systems, covers topics such as renewable energy, high voltage technology, grid control and network planning, power quality, HVDC and FACTS as well as protection technology. Besides the overview of the conference venue, activites and the time schedule, the book includes all papers presented at the conference
Die Studienarbeit analysiert den Darfur-Konflikt von 2003 bis 2008, der zu 400.000 Todesopfern und 2,2 Millionen Flüchtlingen führte. Sie untersucht das Scheitern der Friedensmission der Afrikanischen Union (AMIS) und beleuchtet die Ursachen des Krieges sowie die Herausforderungen der AU bei der Sicherstellung von Frieden und Sicherheit in Afrika.
Das übergeordnete Ziel des Projektes Intelligentes Multi-Energie-System (SmartMES) besteht darin, mögliche Konzepte für den Ausbau eines Multi-Energie-Systems am Beispiel unterschiedlicher Regionen in Sachsen-Anhalt sowohl aus technischer als auch aus ökonomischer Sicht zu bewerten. Innerhalb des zweiten Statusbandes werden unterschiedliche Anreizsysteme zur Förderung der Sektorenkopplung vorgestellt und anhand von Anwendungsfällen bewertet
