Hans Sauer Livres

The history of English spans more than 1500 years. From humble beginnings, English has developed into the world?s most important language, as even opponents of globalization have to admit, and it has now between 300 and 400 million native speakers as well as about one billion speakers of English as a second or foreign language. It has become the lingua franca of science, economics, international relations, travel, etc.0Its prominence has also attracted the attention of linguists, and a lot of research on its history, structure, and use has been done. Several ways of arranging the material have suggested themselves. Often a chronological approach has been adopted; another possibility is to proceed by linguistic level and treat the historical development separately on each level. In this book, we have tried to achieve a balanced presentation of both external factors and internal evolution and therefore we have chosen the chronological approach for chapter 3 ? which sketches the periods of the prehistory and history of English, namely Indo-European, Germanic, Old English, Middle English, Early Modern English and Modern English ? and the systematic approach for all following chapters, which cover amongst other things phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and vocabulary as well as some varieties of English. In general, we are looking at English language history specifically from the point of view of its consequences for present-day English, and we will be introducing methods, approaches and basic technical terms as we go along. A number of indices and appendices, a glossary of terms as well as a detailed table of contents make the access to the volume easier.0Evolution of English is intended for everybody who has an interest in the topic, and particularly for students who have to or who want to take a paper or exam on the history of English

Modern Relay Technology Hardcover – Import, 1986 by Hans Sauer ...

Old English had a large number of plant names: more than a thousand are attested. These are listed here, including parts of plants and products of plants. In the main list the following kinds of information are provided: the spelling (including spelling variants), the literal meaning, the etymology (native word or loan-word) and word-formation, equivalents in Modern English, in the Linnéan terminology, and in German, as well as the older Latin names. Cross-references to etymologically or semantically related names are also given. It is furthermore noted if the etymology or the identification of the plant is unclear. The main list is made more accessible and is supplemented by several indices and supplementary lists; these collect, for example, those Old English plant names that survive in Modern English, Old English names for fruits and products of plants, tree names, the Latin names according to the Linnéan system, the Modern English equivalents, and the Modern German equivalents.

This book presents new research results in English historical linguistics. Section I deals with sounds and spellings, e. g. the role of writing in language change, Pre-Old English sound changes and their reflection in runic inscriptions – plus the first complete list of OE runic inscriptions – and with velar fricatives in Middle English. Section II contains studies on words and phrases (e. g. the OE terms for the chain-mail coat), shell nouns, and secondary agent constructions. Section III highlights the developments of because, relative clauses, impersonal and passive constructions. Section IV analyzes the role of dialects in literature (e. g. 16th and 18th centuries). Section V sheds light on the use of early literature by later authors (e. g. J. R. R. Tolkien) and on Chinese translations of Beowulf.

Das europäische Mittelalter umfasst nach geläufiger Auffassung die Jahre zwischen ungefähr 500 und 1500. Der vorliegende Band bietet anhand von Einzeldarstellungen einen Überblick über die Vielfalt der mittelalterlichen Gattungen und Sprachen. Überliefert sind zum Beispiel Heldenlieder, Epen, Romane und Novellen, aber auch Sonderformen wie der altirische ‚Rinderraub‘ oder die isländischen Sagas, wobei die Grenzen zwischen den Gattungen oft fließend sind. Während Latein einen überregionalen Status besaß, waren die volkssprachlichen Werke stärker an geographische Territorien und Kulturräume gebunden, erlangten aber nicht selten ebenfalls weite Verbreitung wie zum Beispiel die Geschichten um König Artus und seine Tafelrunde. Im Band sind prominente Texte aus zahlreichen europäischen Ländern und der Türkei vertreten. Ergänzend kommen zwei Beispiele aus der chinesischen und japanischen Erzähltradition hinzu, die neben dem türkischen Beitrag exemplarisch für den außereuropäischen Bereich stehen.