What has become of the Russian state two decades after the collapse of Communism? Why have both rulers and the ruled distanced themselves from democratic institutions and the rule of law? This essential analysis by Marie Mendras, a leading scholar on contemporary Russia, addresses these critical questions. Mendras offers an original perspective on Russia's political system since Gorbachev's perestroika, arguing that the state is weak and ineffective, contrary to conventional views. Vladimir Putin has systematically dismantled public institutions and established a patronage-based rule. The Medvedev presidency was merely a chapter in this narrative, with Putin's re-election underscoring the ongoing consolidation of power. Political and economic authority remains concentrated among a select few, who maintain loyalty to the leadership to secure their positions and prosperity. Those in power operate without accountability to the society they govern. Until the economic crisis of 2008, ordinary Russians largely ignored these authoritarian practices due to improved living standards. However, the economic downturn, along with rising corruption and unfair electoral processes, has intensified public discontent, leading to unprecedented protests against the regime.
