Un économiste de premier plan de l'École autrichienne. Ses travaux se concentrent sur l'entrepreneuriat économique et le rôle qu'il joue dans une économie de marché. Il examine comment les entrepreneurs découvrent et exploitent les opportunités, stimulant ainsi la croissance économique et l'innovation. Ses théories influentes ont façonné la pensée économique moderne.
In the last hundred years or so, the neo-classical school has come to dominate microeconomic thinking. Economists concerned with competition have taken refuge in increasingly complex models which emphasize the end-state of competitive equilibrium. This paper presents, in non-technical terms, an 'Austrian' view of how a market economy works. The writer of this book follows in the Austrian tradition as he tries to crystallize the theory of entrepreneurial discovery and of its implications for economic understanding and policy.
Austrian Subjectivism and the Emergence of Entrepreneurship Theory comprises several of Kirzner's previously published papers on the subjects of methodological subjectivism and the history of entrepreneurship theory--topics of primary importance in Kirzner's economic thought because one cannot fully understand entrepreneurship theory without considering subjectivism. The volume includes Kirzner's seminal paper "Methodological Individualism, Market Equilibrium, and Market Process," in which "Kirzner conceptualized the role of the entrepreneurial function in the market process for the first time in his work." According to the editors, that paper "opened the door to Kirzner's research on the market process, leading six years later to the publication of Competition and Entrepreneurship. In doing so, it paved the way to the modern Austrian theory of the market process." Israel M. Kirzner is a leading economist in the Austrian School and Professor Emeritus of Economics at New York University. Peter J. Boettke is University Professor of Economics and Philosophy at George Mason University and the BB&T Professor for the Study of Capitalism at the Mercatus Center. Fr d ric Sautet is an economist and a specialist in Austrian market process theory. He has taught at The Catholic University of America, George Mason University, New York University, and the University of Paris Dauphine.
Competition and Entrepreneurship defines Israel M. Kirzner's unique contribution to the economics profession. Pointing out the shortcomings of the traditional microeconomic model, Kirzner offers an alternative and complementary view, which illuminates and enriches the way economists think of the market process. Recognizing that economics cannot explain sheer novelty and ultimately social change by referring only to productive factors already in use, Kirzner develops a theory of the market process that focuses on the role of the pure entrepreneurial element in human action. This leads him to reconstruct the theory of price in order to understand, as he puts it, "how the decisions of individual participants in the market interact to generate the market forces which compel changes in prices, outputs, and methods of production and in the allocation of resources." In doing so, Kirzner offers a new appraisal of competition moving the entrepreneurial function back to center stage, thereby shedding new light on issues such as monopoly pricing, cartels, and pure profit. No other economist in recent times has been so closely identified with the Austrian School of economics as Kirzner. A leader of the generation of Austrian economists after Ludwig von Mises and F. A. Hayek, Kirzner has been recognized as one of the minds behind the revival of entrepreneurship and market process theory in the twentieth century.
The inaugural volume in Liberty Fund's new Collected Works of Israel M Kirzner series, "The Economic Point of View" contains Kirzner's 1960 doctoral dissertation under Ludwig von Mises, a work that established Kirzner as a careful and meticulous scholar of economics.
"Kirzner here discusses his detailed research on the nature and process of entrepreneurship, expanding on his ideas about entrepreneurial alertness and offering a more systematic understanding of the concept of market process. The volume includes critiques from Martin Ricketts, Stephen Shmanske, and James C. Ahiakpor, along with Kirzner's replies to their objections"--
"Essays examining the science behind markets in order to make ethical judgments. A clear understanding of fundamental concepts of economic science, such as profit, interest, and entrepreneurship, makes possible true statements about welfare economics, the morality of market transactions, and policy issues. From the impact of governmental regulation to the role of institutions in sustaining prosperity, this work shows that the free market is a necessary element in maintaining social harmony and bringing stability to the world"--
