Anthony Pagden Livres

Throughout human history, empires have been far more constant and widespread, and the source of far more anguished political speculation, than nation states have ever been. But despite the long history of debate and the recent resurgence of interest in empires and imperialism, no one seems very clear as to what exactly an empire is. The Burdens of Empire strives to offer not only a definition but also a working description. This book examines how empires were conceived by those who ruled them and lived under them; it looks at the relations, real or imagined, between the imperial metropolis (when one existed) and its outlying provinces or colonies; and it asks how the laws that governed the various parts and various ethnic groups, of which all empires were made, were conceived and interpreted. Anthony Pagden argues that the evolution of the modern concept of the relationship between states, and in particular the modern conception of international law, cannot be understood apart from the long history of European empire building.

The differences that divide West from East go deeper than politics, deeper than religion, argues Anthony Pagden. To understand this volatile relationship, and how it has played out over the centuries, we need to go back before the Crusades, before the birth of Islam, before the birth of Christianity, to the fifth century BCE. The wars between East and West have not only been the longest and most costly in human history, they have also formedthe West's vision of itself as independent, free, secular, and now democratic. They have shaped, and continue to shape, the nature of the modern world.

Spanning two and a half millennia, Anthony Pagden’s mesmerizing Worlds at War delves deep into the roots of the “clash of civilizations” between East and West that has always been a battle over ideas. It begins with ancient Greece and its epic fight against the Persian Empire, then sweeps to Rome, which created the modern concepts of citizenship and the rule of law. Pagden dramatizes the birth of Christianity in the East and its use in the West as an instrument of government, setting the stage for what would become, and has remained, a global battle of the secular against the sacred. Islam, at first ridiculed in Christian Europe, drives Pope Urban II to launch the Crusades, which transform the relationship between East and West into one of competing religious beliefs. Modern times bring a first world war, which among other things seeks to redesign the Muslim world by force. In our own era, Muslims now find themselves in unwelcoming Western societies, while the West seeks to enforce democracy and its own secular values through occupation in the East. Pagden ends on a cautionary note, warning that terrorism and war will continue as long as sacred and secular remain confused in the minds of so many. Eye-opening and compulsively readable, Worlds at War is a stunning work of history and a triumph of modern scholarship.

deep and thought-provoking argument for how the enlightenment still affects modern social and political thought. There is so much information packed into in these pages, yet its well-organised, meticulously referenced and presented so masterfully that the book is a pleasure to read. I think those who enjoy reading about philosophy and history will enjoy this book, as will those who seek to gain a deeper understanding the philosophical, political, and social development and dominance of the modern Western World. Guardian, GrrlScientist

This general introduction to European history, seen through the lens of `Empire', visits the well-known and recognisable. Thus Pagden's story begins in Greece, visits the Romans, embraces the Spanish and Portuguese empires, touches on the issues of slavery and race and ends with a brief discussion of globalisation at the end of the 20th century. Eminently readable, with a chronology, an interesting bibliography and potted notes on key figures, this would be a useful reader for anyone new to the subject.

The narrative explores the dynamics of European empires, including the Roman, Spanish, French, and British, focusing on their colonies and the complex interactions between conquerors and the conquered. It delves into themes of cultural exchange, the justification of conquest, and the profound transformations experienced by both colonists and indigenous populations. The book examines the intricate relationship between civilization and barbarism, highlighting the shifting perspectives of "us" versus "them" throughout history.

Focusing on the evolution of human society, the book explores the transition from traditional nation-states to a complex web of inter-state networks and organizations. It addresses how current global challenges, such as climate change and terrorism, require collaborative solutions beyond single-state capabilities. The narrative suggests the emergence of a cosmopolitan order and new forms of governance, advocating for the potential of global federation to foster a more harmonious and equitable future for humanity.

The story of the evolution of the 'European project', from the end of the Napoleonic Wars through to Brexit, this is also the story of how, and why, it become possible to imagine that the diverse peoples of Europe might be united in a single political community