Marie-Pierre Le Hir Livres

Stories about border crossers, illegal aliens, and refugees highlight the vital role of national identity in contemporary life. This work explores how national belonging became central to personal identity, focusing on the acquisition of the national habitus—the transformation of individuals into citizens as a state evolves into a nation-state—specifically in nineteenth-century France. Literary texts serve as the primary material, as literature uniquely reveals "inner feelings," a point noted by Germaine de Staël. The term "habitus" indicates a shift from traditional nationalism analyses based on language, race, and ethnicity to a sociological perspective that emphasizes the subjective dimensions of life, drawing on the works of Norbert Elias and Pierre Bourdieu. By examining two groups of French writers—those who experienced the 1789 Revolution as adults (Olympe de Gouges, François René de Chateaubriand, and Germaine de Staël) and those who did not (Stendhal, Prosper Mérimée, and George Sand)—the study captures evolving perceptions of the nation and associated emotions over time. Although these writers are not typically linked to nationalism, they were influenced by the nationalization of feelings and thoughts. By the end of the century, they identified as French nationals, exhibiting the national habitus's characteristic features: love for their nation and distrust of others. The book emphasizes the dual nature of the nation

The book explores the intricate relationship between Americans and France, highlighting a deep admiration for French culture, particularly in food and fashion. It examines the complexities of this bond, noting moments of affection alongside periods of criticism during international crises. Through historical context, the narrative reveals how despite these fluctuations, the enduring friendship between the two nations persists, showcasing a multifaceted connection that continues to evolve.

By distinguishing between two groups of French writers, three who experienced the 1789 revolution as adults (de Gouges, de Chateaubriand, de Stael) and three who did not (Stendhal, Merimee, Sand), it captures evolving understandings of the nation, as well as thoughts and emotions associated with national belonging.