Rudolf Carnap Livres

Au moment où Carnap publie son ouvrage en 1922, les mathématiques du XIXe siècle ont profondément transformé la géométrie héritée d'Euclide et de Descartes, soulevant de nombreuses questions sur le concept d'espace. Quelles sont les natures des objets en géométrie et quelles sont les sources de notre connaissance de l'espace ? Parallèlement, la physique, avec la théorie de la relativité générale d'Einstein, remet en question les relations traditionnelles entre géométrie et expérience. Dans ce contexte, Carnap, après ses études en philosophie, mathématiques et physique à l'université d'Iéna, choisit d'explorer les multiples significations de l'espace dans sa thèse, contribuant ainsi à la théorie de la science. Cette œuvre de jeunesse révèle une première philosophie des sciences de Carnap, avant que l'influence du Tractatus de Wittgenstein ne le conduise vers l'analyse logique du langage comme méthode philosophique privilégiée. Il y a un écart notable entre cette réflexion néokantienne, influencée par Husserl, et le Carnap empiriste logique du Cercle de Vienne, connu pour ses travaux ultérieurs. Néanmoins, son approche du problème de l'espace demeure d'une profondeur philosophique remarquable.

Résultat des recherches du philosophe allemand positiviste ayant pour objectif d'établir un système logique de constitution des concepts par dérivation, à partir d'un petit nombre de concepts fondamentaux.

One of the most creative philosophers of the 20th century, Rudolf Carnap presented a series of science lectures at the University of California in 1958. The present volume is an outgrowth of that seminar, which dealt with the philosophical foundations of physics. Edited by Martin Gardner from transcripts of Carnap's classroom lectures and discussions, the book remains one of the clearest and soundest introductions to the philosophy of science.Specially designed to appeal to a wide range of readers, An Introduction to thePhilosophy of Science offers accessible coverage of such topics as laws and probability, measurement and quantitative language, the structure of space, causality and determinism, theoretical laws and concepts and much more. Stimulating and thought-provoking, the text will be of interest to philosophers, scientists and anyone interested in logical analysis of the concepts, statements and theories of science. Its clear and readable style help make it "the best book available for the intelligent reader who wants to gain some insight into the nature of contemporary philosophy of science" ― Choice. Foreword to the Basic Books Paperback Edition, 1974 (Gardner); Preface (Carnap); Foreword to the Dover Edition (Gardner). 35 black-and-white illustrations. Bibliography.

Focusing on a new approach to semantical analysis, the book introduces the method of extension and intension, which redefines the understanding of linguistic meanings. By modifying traditional concepts of class and property, it contrasts this innovative method with conventional semantical approaches that treat expressions as names of entities. Instead, it emphasizes that expressions embody both an intension and an extension, offering a fresh perspective on meaning in language.

"This book is valuable as expounding in full a theory of meaning that has its roots in the work of Frege and has been of the widest influence. . . . The chief virtue of the book is its systematic character. From Frege to Quine most philosophical logicians have restricted themselves by piecemeal and local assaults on the problems involved. The book is marked by a genial tolerance. Carnap sees himself as proposing conventions rather than asserting truths. However he provides plenty of matter for argument."—Anthony Quinton, Hibbert Journal

The book features a unique format where prominent philosophers are engaged in dialogue with their peers, addressing critical essays that challenge their ideas. Each volume includes the philosopher's responses, an intellectual autobiography, and a current bibliography, fostering a deeper understanding of their work and contributions. This approach aims to clarify interpretations and reduce confusion in philosophical discourse, making it a valuable resource for both scholars and enthusiasts of philosophy.

Available for the first time in 20 years, here is the Rudolf Carnap's famous “principle of tolerance” by which everyone is free to mix and match the rules of language and logic. In The Logical Syntax of Language, Carnap explains how his entire theory of language structure came to him like a vision when he was ill. He postulates that concepts of the theory of logic are purely syntactical and therefore can be formulated in logical syntax.

A clear, comprehensive & rigorous treatment develops the subject from elementary concepts to the construction & analysis of relatively complex logical languages. It then considers the application of symbolic logic to the clarification & axiomatization of theories in mathematics, physics & biology. Hundreds of problems, examples & exercises.

Based on the belief that statements are meaningful only if they are empirically verifiable, Carnap endeavours to work out a way in which observation statements required for verification are not private to the observer.

Available for the first time in 20 years, here are two important works from the 1920s by the best-known representative of the Vienna Circle. In The Logical Structure of the World, Carnap adopts the position of "methodological solipsism" and shows that it is possible to describe the world from the immediate data of experience. In his Pseudoproblems in Philosophy, he asserts that many philosophical problems are meaningless.