Matti Leppäranta Livres

A large number of boreal lakes are ice-covered in winter. However, research and literature of these lakes concerns by far only the open water season. In particular, no textbook on physics of ice-covered lakes exists, and now it would be a proper time to prepare such. Winter limnology has become an increasing active field of research recently. A series of winter limnology symposia was started in 2008 in Finland with nearly 100 participants. The second symposium was held in Berlin in 2010 and the third one is coming in 2012 in Norway. Winter limnologists need strongly a textbook on lake ice physics since the ice acts as their boundary condition.

The Baltic Sea oceanographic research community boasts a rich history spanning over 100 years, yet there remains a significant gap: a comprehensive book on the physical oceanography of the Baltic Sea. This need is echoed by oceanographers and university programs at advanced undergraduate and graduate levels. Approximately 500 scientists participate regularly in regional conferences focused on physical oceanography, while many more engage in marine biology, chemistry, and environmental studies, all of whom require insights into the Baltic Sea's physical dynamics. With nine bordering countries and five additional nations in the runoff area, the Baltic Sea is crucial for fisheries, transportation, and recreation, impacting around 85 million people. Given its status as one of the most polluted seas globally, there is an urgent need for research and protective strategies. As the Baltic Sea has effectively become an internal sea of the EU—aside from minor Russian coastal areas—its significance is expected to grow. This book will attract students, scientists, and policymakers addressing Baltic issues, providing essential background on the physical forces that influence biogeochemical processes in the region.

This book presents the fundamental laws of sea ice drift, as derived from the material properties of sea ice, the basic laws of mechanics, and the latest modeling techniques. Topics covered include the science of sea ice drift, forecasting velocity based on volume, size and shape, sea ice ridging and remote sensing, modelling of ice conditions, and the role of sea ice drift in oceanography, marine ecology and engineering.