Henry W. Riecken Livres

The study reported in this volume grew out of some theoretical work, one phase of which bore specifically on the behavior of individuals in social movements that made specific (and unfulfilled) prophecies. We had been forced to depend chiefly on historical records to judge the adequacy of our theoretical ideas until we by chance discovered the social movement that we report in this book. At the time we learned of it, the movement was in mid-career but the prophecy about which it was centered had not yet been disconfirmed. We were understandably eager to undertake a study that could test our theoretical ideas under natural conditions. That we were able to do this study was in great measure due to the support obtained through the Laboratory for Research in Social Relations of the University of Minnesota. This study is a project of the Laboratory and was carried out while we were all members of its staff. We should also like to acknowledge the help we received through a grant-in-aid from the Ford Foundation to one of the authors, a grant that made preliminary exploration of the field situation possible.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

V knize z roku 1956 byla poprvé formulována slavná teorie kognitivní disonance (stav mysli vzniklý rozporem mezi dvěma poznáními či postoji). Vědci se infiltrovali do skupiny, která věřila v nadcházející apokalypsu a svou záchranu prostřednictvím UFO. Když ke konci světa nedošlo, skupina si to vysvětlila tím, že právě díky jejímu působení se bůh země rozhodl naši planetu zachránit. Festinger dochází k závěru, že aby člověk začal ještě silněji věřit nějaké teorii i poté, co se nesplnilo jeho očekávání, musí být splněno několik podmínek – například v minulosti musel své víře hodně obětovat a musí mít silnou sociální podporu. Tím dochází k odstranění kognitivní disonance (vnitřního rozporu), takže jakýkoli důkaz svědčící proti zastávané teorii je vysvětlen tak, aby teorii nevadil, nebo ji dokonce podpořil. Kromě své vědecké hodnoty je kniha, kterou lze číst jako román, zajímavým příběhem malé skupiny lidí, jež spojovalo bizarní, ale fascinující přesvědčení.