Une psychanalyste britannique d'origine autrichienne qui a conçu de nouvelles techniques thérapeutiques pour les enfants, laissant un impact significatif sur la psychologie infantile et la psychanalyse contemporaine. Elle fut une innovatrice de premier plan dans la théorisation de la théorie des relations d'objet.
Melanie Klein gives a detailed account of the analysis of a ten year old boy, Richard. Klein describes the day to day course of the analysis interpreting Richard`s drawing, play, verbal associations and reports of dreams.
She made possible the extension of psycho-analysis to the field of early childhood, and in this way not only made the treatment of young children possible but also threw new light on psychological development in childhood and on the roots of adult neuroses and psychoses.
Melanie Klein's writings, particularly on infant development and psychosis, have been crucial both to theoretical work and to clinical practice. 'Envy and Gratitude' her last major work, introduces her theory of primary envy.
In the final paper on the Oedipus complex, Klein develops her theories of the earliest infant stages of development, extending Freud`s analysis of the Oedipus complex and laying a basis for her own subsequent conceptualising of the paranoid-schizoid position in the first six months of life.